Um em cada cinco estudantes brasileiros do ensino fundamental está atrasado na escola. No ensino médio, pelo menos três em cada dez alunos também estão nessa situação. É o que mostram os dados do Censo Escolar 2010 sobre as taxas de distorção idade-série. O indicador mede a proporção de alunos que não está matriculada na série indicada à faixa etária.
Pela legislação que organiza a oferta de ensino no país, a criança deve ingressar aos 6 anos no 1° ano do ensino fundamental e concluir a etapa aos 14. Na faixa etária dos 15 aos 17 anos, o jovem deve estar matriculado no ensino médio. De 2008 a 2010, o percentual de alunos fora da série adequada para a idade registrou leve alta. Em 2008, a taxa era 22,1% no ensino fundamental, passou para 23,3% em 2009 e para 23,6% em 2010. No ensino médio, o percentual era de 33,7% em 2008, foi para 34,4% em 2009 e chegou a 34,5% no ano passado.
Para muitos, a reprovação é um mito. Contudo, sabem que faz mal, inclusive, a esse aluno, cuja realidade está ainda pautada na hegemonia no ensino/aprendizagem em sala de aula.
Por que o ensino fundamental aparece com um percentual acima do ensino básico? A resposta é simples, pois essa fase é de responsabilidade dos municípios. Os municípios mais desenvolvidos conseguem formar professores e dar-lhes uma formação continuada, enquanto os municípios menores e com recursos mínimos – maioria no país – não conseguem pagar professores licenciados e pagam por professores leigos, sem que tenham ao menos uma formação continuada.
A evasão escolar é resultante dessa quantidade imensa de reprovação, pois isso desestimula o aluno a continuar seus estudos, pensando que é burro para aprender, quando, na verdade, a falha está na existência de heterogeneidades em sala de aula, onde nem todos aprendem com a didática adotada pelo professor.
Hoje, discute-se quais os caminhos que podem aperfeiçoar a Progressão Continuada. Podemos citar a capacitação de professores, um maior investimento em material paradidático, presença de psicopedagogo na escola, atuação mais intensificada na recuperação que deve acontecer paralelamente ao processo de aprendizagem, repensar estigma que uma sala de aula é homogênea.
É preciso a capacitação continuada do corpo docente, para que ele possa cada vez mais se distanciar dos resquícios da linha tecnicista, linha pedagógica que ampara aulas expositivas e não dialogadas e preza por avaliações objetivas, cuja resposta é do professor e não do aluno. Isso tira por completo a educação formar cidadãos críticos e questionadores.
Por outro lado, o professor deve pensar e repensar a forma de dar aula, visando dos os alunos, deixando de lado a rotulação, que na maioria das vezes leva a reprovação. A reavaliar seu trabalho com um aluno do século 21. Um aluno que é fruto da Internet, da televisão, de uma gama de informações, que não dá para o professor manter a mesma postura da Lei 5692/71.
Alunos, professores, pais e demais pessoas ligadas a educação deve compreender que a escola é cidadã. É preciso ver a avaliação, medir a capacidade de memorização do aluno, mas sim a de avaliar as habilidades desenvolvidas, como: compreensão de texto, leitura de mundo, produção de conhecimento. Uma escola que respeita a diversidade cultural do aluno e dos vários mundos existentes.
A escola tem que ser atrativa. Local em que o aluno se sinta bem. Quanto a Progressão Continuada, as escolas devem ser autônomas, pois a realidade de um aluno de São Paulo e completamente diferente de um aluno que estuda nas florestas do Amazonas.
Criou-se um mito de que se não reprovar, o aluno não aprende, isso é concorda com o mecanismo de força do professor do tipo “Ou você faz o que estou mandando ou eu te reprovo”, estamos afirmando que a educação não é sedutora, não é envolvente e não constrói habilidades.
Portanto, a educação brasileira deve ser repensada!!!
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hahahahahahahaha. não seria outra a conclusão quando nas escolas públicas do ensino fundamental e do medio enganam seus alunos quando lhes disponibiliza computador sem lhes viabilizar a Internet. aqueles estudantes que podem e entendem como necessario que eles proprios busquem as “LAN HOUSE” tem melhor desempenho. enquanto os outros aos milhares ainda estão naquela da “dactilografia digital”. lembra-se meu caro caio? acredito que a dra roseana acorde para este fato, em se tratando da verdadeira educação, já que o nosso professorado em sua grande maioria não está totalmente capacitado para interagir entre aluno e internet.
Você confundiu alhos com bugalhos… Esta matéria não fala do Maranhão, mas sim uma pesquisa em todo o país. Por outro lado, em nenhum momento falo de falta de computador em escolas. o que digo é que o aluno hoje tem acesso a internet, TV e outros meios que o faz um cidadão crítico e questionador, coisa que vai de encontro a linha pedagógica hoje adotada em todo o Brasil.
Com certeza, de todos nós. Ficamos todos zangados quando o Brasil empata ou perde no futebol para um País da América Latina, mas não nos preocupamos em saber qual a posição do Brasil quando o assunto é educação.
Todos se preocupam com a situação dos jogadores de seu time predileto, mas esquecem da situação escolar de seu próprio filho.
Precisamos ter a mesma preocupação com a educação igual à que temos com o futebol, assim como, cobramos das diretorias e dos jogadores de nossos times, temos que cobrar dos gestores públicos, dos professores e alunos. Só desta forma teremos uma educação de qualidade.
Esse é um dos problemas desse país.
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